Upper Atmosphere & Ionosphere

Fundamental concepts of solar-terrestrial physics; interaction of Earth’s upper atmosphere and space environment with spacecraft; upper atmospheric composition, radiation, photochemistry and energy balance; structure of the upper atmosphere; impacts of transport and dynamics on the upper atmosphere; ionospheric composition, production and loss and its relation to Chapman theory; ionospheric structure; impacts of ionospheric electrodynamics; impacts of geomagnetic storms on the upper atmosphere and ionosphere; radio wave propagation; comparisons to other planets; details of atmospheric and ionosphere instrumentation. Pre: Graduate standing in Engineering.